At the 4th International Conference on Financing for Development (FFD4) in Seville, Spain, India’s Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman delivered a compelling call for transformative reforms in the global financial architecture. She advocated for inclusive multilateral development bank (MDB) reforms, fairer credit rating practices, enhanced climate finance, and a reversal of declining Official Development Assistance (ODA). Stressing the need for a predictable and concessional climate finance mechanism, she underscored sovereign debt as a structural impediment to sustainable growth.